Juntas em pavimentos de concreto: dispositivos de transferência de carga
Data
2017-11-15
Autores
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Resumo
Descrição
Este trabalho apresenta um estudo experimental do comportamento de juntas transversais em placas de concreto simples, apoiadas sobre fundação elástica. Uma vez sujeita a tensões, provocadas tanto pelo carregamento como por empenamentos e variações volumétricas da placa, as juntas podem provocar uma redução sensível na vida do pavimento, caso não estejam devidamente dimensionadas para suportar as cargas impostas. Devido a isto, a conexão mecânica entre as placas do pavimento é fundamental para garantir uma melhor eficiência na transferência desses esforços e, consequentemente, um aumento na vida útil do pavimento. No trabalho, faixas de concreto, com dimensões de 220 cm x 60 cm e espessuras de 12 cm e 16 cm, foram ensaiadas com força monotônica até a ruína, considerando força em um dos lados da junta. O estudo analisou o comportamento do sistema placa-junta para diferentes dispositivos metálicos de transferência, sendo eles: barras de seções circulares e quadradas, placas e discos, adotando dois dispositivos por modelo ensaiado. Dois diferentes tipos de juntas foram analisados, segundo sua tipologia, como juntas serradas e juntas moldadas. Os resultados experimentais mostram que o aumento na espessura do pavimento aumenta sua capacidade resistente, para os dois tipos de junta. Já a tipologia da junta pode influenciar na força de ruína da peça, uma vez que a presença de concreto abaixo do dispositivo causa variação na rigidez vertical do conjunto, conhecida como interação concreto-barra, levando o modelo serrado a romper com uma carga superior. Os ciclos de carregamento aumentaram a propagação de fissuras sob o lado carregado, reduziram a força de fissuração em parte dos modelos, mas não reduziram sua força de ruína. O disco metálico, em função dos dados coletados, apresentou o melhor desempenho em relação aos demais, e é sugerido como o dispositivo de transferência de carga preferencial para se obter uma maior eficiência do sistema.
This paper presents an experimental study of the behavior of transverse joints in slabs of plain concrete, under elastic support. Once it subjects to tensions, caused so much by the loading as for warped and volumetric variations of the slap, the joints can cause a sensitive reduction in the life of the pavement, in case they are not properly design to support the loads forced. Due to this, the mechanical connection among the slabs of the pavement is fundamental to guarantee a better efficiency in the transfer of those efforts and, consequently, a prolongation in the useful life of the pavement. In the paper, concrete areas, with dimensions of 220 cm x 60 cm and thickness of 12 cm and 16 cm were loading frame monotonic until the rupture, in one on the sides of the joint. The study analyzed the behavior of the system slab/joint for different metallic devices of transfer, being them: dowels of circular and square sections, plates and disks, adopting two devices for model. Two different types of joints were analyzed, according to the typology, as sawed and molded joints. The tests data show that the increase in the thickness of the pavement increases in resistant capacity, for the two types of joints. Already the typology of the joints can influence in the maximum load of the model, once the concrete presence below the device causes variation in the vertical rigidity of the group, known as interaction concrete-dowel, taking the sawed model rupture with a superior load. The loading cycles increased the cracks propagation under the load side, they reduced the load crack partly of the models, but they didn\'t reduce ultimate force. The disk plate, in function of the collected data, presented the best performance in relation to the others, and it is suggested as the preferential transfer device of load to obtain a larger efficiency of the system.
This paper presents an experimental study of the behavior of transverse joints in slabs of plain concrete, under elastic support. Once it subjects to tensions, caused so much by the loading as for warped and volumetric variations of the slap, the joints can cause a sensitive reduction in the life of the pavement, in case they are not properly design to support the loads forced. Due to this, the mechanical connection among the slabs of the pavement is fundamental to guarantee a better efficiency in the transfer of those efforts and, consequently, a prolongation in the useful life of the pavement. In the paper, concrete areas, with dimensions of 220 cm x 60 cm and thickness of 12 cm and 16 cm were loading frame monotonic until the rupture, in one on the sides of the joint. The study analyzed the behavior of the system slab/joint for different metallic devices of transfer, being them: dowels of circular and square sections, plates and disks, adopting two devices for model. Two different types of joints were analyzed, according to the typology, as sawed and molded joints. The tests data show that the increase in the thickness of the pavement increases in resistant capacity, for the two types of joints. Already the typology of the joints can influence in the maximum load of the model, once the concrete presence below the device causes variation in the vertical rigidity of the group, known as interaction concrete-dowel, taking the sawed model rupture with a superior load. The loading cycles increased the cracks propagation under the load side, they reduced the load crack partly of the models, but they didn\'t reduce ultimate force. The disk plate, in function of the collected data, presented the best performance in relation to the others, and it is suggested as the preferential transfer device of load to obtain a larger efficiency of the system.
Palavras-chave
Dispositivos de transferência, Junta transversal, Pavimentação, Pavimentos de concreto, Concrete pavements, Paving, Transfer devices, Transverse joint