Análise das disfunções e benefícios que ocorrem na implantação e uso do modelo de referência no processo de desenvolvimento de produto
Data
2017-11-15
Autores
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Resumo
Descrição
O desempenho do Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produto (PDP) depende de como a empresa gerencia seu processo. A adoção de um modelo de referência para o PDP tem se mostrado uma boa prática, pois aumenta a capacidade de a empresa em controlar as mudanças no processo, avaliar seu desempenho, propor melhorias além de permitir uma maior compreensão do processo como um todo, padronizando e controlando todas as fases do PDP. Isso proporciona um melhor aproveitamento de recursos e, consequentemente, menor tempo de desenvolvimento e maior satisfação do cliente. Entretanto, muitas empresas não obtêm os resultados esperados durante e/ou após a implantação do modelo de referência específico, uma vez que nem todas estão preparadas culturalmente para adotar um processo estruturado. Na literatura, há poucas pesquisas que relatam, por meio de estudos de casos, quais os problemas e impactos que as organizações enfrentam ao aplicar um modelo de referência específico. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar as disfunções e benefícios que ocorrem no modelo de referência específico no PDP. Para isso, foram pesquisadas inicialmente as disfunções e benefícios na literatura e realizado estudo de caso em duas empresas. Os resultados mostram que as disfunções encontradas na literatura em sua maioria não foram confirmadas nas empresas, devido às particularidades de cada uma. E foi constatado por meio de entrevistas que algumas disfunções estiveram presentes apenas durante a implantação do modelo de referência específico. Diferentemente do panorama das disfunções, os benefícios apresentados, em sua maioria, foram confirmados em ambas as empresas.
New Product development (NPD) performance depends on how the company manages its process. The adoption of a reference model for NDP has been shown to be a good practice, because increases a companys capacity in controlling the alterations in the process, evaluate its performance, propose improvements besides allowing a greater comprehension of the process as a whole, creating a pattern and controlling all NPDs phases, which gives a better utilization of the resources, and consequently less time to market and better client satisfaction. However, many companies do not get the expected results during and/or after implementation of the specific reference model, once not all are culturally prepared to adopt a structurally process. In the literature there are few researchers that report by means of case studies which are the problems and impacts that companies face when applying a specific reference model. The objective of this study is to analyze the dysfunctions and benefits that occur in the NPD specific reference model. To do this end, it was initially searched the dysfunctions and the benefits in the literature and performed a case study in two companies. Results show that most of the dysfunctions found in the literature were not confirmed in the companies, because of the specificities of each one. In addition, it was observed by means of a focused interview that some of the dysfunctions were present only during the specific reference models implementation. Differently of the dysfunctions scenery, most of the shown benefits were confirmed in both companies.
New Product development (NPD) performance depends on how the company manages its process. The adoption of a reference model for NDP has been shown to be a good practice, because increases a companys capacity in controlling the alterations in the process, evaluate its performance, propose improvements besides allowing a greater comprehension of the process as a whole, creating a pattern and controlling all NPDs phases, which gives a better utilization of the resources, and consequently less time to market and better client satisfaction. However, many companies do not get the expected results during and/or after implementation of the specific reference model, once not all are culturally prepared to adopt a structurally process. In the literature there are few researchers that report by means of case studies which are the problems and impacts that companies face when applying a specific reference model. The objective of this study is to analyze the dysfunctions and benefits that occur in the NPD specific reference model. To do this end, it was initially searched the dysfunctions and the benefits in the literature and performed a case study in two companies. Results show that most of the dysfunctions found in the literature were not confirmed in the companies, because of the specificities of each one. In addition, it was observed by means of a focused interview that some of the dysfunctions were present only during the specific reference models implementation. Differently of the dysfunctions scenery, most of the shown benefits were confirmed in both companies.
Palavras-chave
Benefícios, Processo de desenvolvimento de produto (PDP), Modelo de referência, Gestão por processo, Disfunções, Dysfunctions, Business process management, New product development, Benefits, Reference model