Influência da relação carbono/nitrogênio e da fonte de carbono no processo de nitrificação desnitrificação simultânea em reator de leito estruturado
Data
2017-11-15
Autores
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
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Descrição
Este trabalho buscou avaliar a influência da relação C/N e da fonte de carbono no processo de nitrificação e desnitrificação simultâneas em reator de fluxo contínuo e leito fixo estruturado. Foi utilizado um reator vertical de acrílico, com volume total de 11,0 L e volume útil de 5,5 L, com hastes cilíndricas verticais de espuma de poliuretano como suporte para a biomassa. O sistema foi operado com TDH de 11,2±0,6 horas, aeração intermitente (2 horas com aeração e 1 hora sem aeração) e razão de recirculação de efluente igual a 5. A carga carbonácea afluente foi mantida constante (1,07 kg DQO.m-3.dia-1), ao longo de todo o período experimental, sendo as relações C/N testadas (9,7±1; 7,6±1; 2,9±1 e 2,9±0,4) obtidas a partir da variação na carga nitrogenada aplicada. Duas fontes orgânicas foram avaliadas: sacarose e peptona de carne. A eficiência média de remoção de DQO manteve-se acima de 90%. A eficiência máxima de remoção de N-total (84,6±10,1%) foi obtida para relação C/N de 2,9±1, com concentrações efluentes médias de NTK e N-NH4 de 5,9 e 4,3 mg.L-1, respectivamente. A análise estatística da eficiência de remoção de N-total confirmou que a fonte de carbono não exerceu influência sobre os processos de remoção. A obtenção de eficiências de desnitrificação superiores às calculadas estequiometricamente, em função da fonte de carbono, indicou a ocorrência de possíveis vias complementares para remoção de nitrogênio, como o processo anammox. As velocidades de nitrificação e desnitrificação obtidas nos ensaios cinéticos foram similares para as duas fontes de carbono e para as relações C/N estudadas e da mesma ordem de grandeza das apresentadas na literatura, reforçando a ideia de que a configuração de reator utilizada, aliada às adequadas condições operacionais, permitiu a remoção concomitante de matéria carbonácea e nitrogenada.
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of COD/N ratio and organic source on the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) in an up-flow structured-bed reactor. The reactor was made of acrylic with a total volume of 11 L and a working volume of 5.5 L and filled with cylinders of polyurethane foam as support for biomass growth. The system was continuously operated with an HRT of 11.2±0.6 h, intermittent aeration (2h with aeration and 1h without aerationd) and a liquid recycle ratio equal to 5. The organic load rate was constant (1.07 kg COD.m-3d-1) during the entire experiment. The COD/N ratios (9.7±1; 7.6±1; 2.9±1 and 2.9±0,4) were obtained from the variation of nitrogen load rate. Two organic sources were evaluated: sucrose and meat peptone. The average COD removal efficiency was above 90%. The maximum total nitrogen removal efficiency was 84.6±10.1%, with average TKN and NH4+-N effluent concentrations of 5.9 and 4.3 mg.L-1, respectively. Statistical analysis of total nitrogen removal efficiency confirmed that the carbon source did not influence over the removal processes. The denitrification efficiencies higher than the stoichiometrically calculated in function of the carbon source, indicated the occurrence of possible paths for nitrogen removal of nitrogen as anammox process. The nitrification and denitrification rates obtained in kinetic experiments were similar for the two sources of carbon and all C/N ratio studied at the same order of magnitude in relation to those reported in the literature, enhancing that the reactor configuration tested combined with the proper operational conditions allowed the organic matter and nitrogen removal simultaneously.
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of COD/N ratio and organic source on the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) in an up-flow structured-bed reactor. The reactor was made of acrylic with a total volume of 11 L and a working volume of 5.5 L and filled with cylinders of polyurethane foam as support for biomass growth. The system was continuously operated with an HRT of 11.2±0.6 h, intermittent aeration (2h with aeration and 1h without aerationd) and a liquid recycle ratio equal to 5. The organic load rate was constant (1.07 kg COD.m-3d-1) during the entire experiment. The COD/N ratios (9.7±1; 7.6±1; 2.9±1 and 2.9±0,4) were obtained from the variation of nitrogen load rate. Two organic sources were evaluated: sucrose and meat peptone. The average COD removal efficiency was above 90%. The maximum total nitrogen removal efficiency was 84.6±10.1%, with average TKN and NH4+-N effluent concentrations of 5.9 and 4.3 mg.L-1, respectively. Statistical analysis of total nitrogen removal efficiency confirmed that the carbon source did not influence over the removal processes. The denitrification efficiencies higher than the stoichiometrically calculated in function of the carbon source, indicated the occurrence of possible paths for nitrogen removal of nitrogen as anammox process. The nitrification and denitrification rates obtained in kinetic experiments were similar for the two sources of carbon and all C/N ratio studied at the same order of magnitude in relation to those reported in the literature, enhancing that the reactor configuration tested combined with the proper operational conditions allowed the organic matter and nitrogen removal simultaneously.
Palavras-chave
Reator de leito estruturado, Anammox, Nitrificação desnitrificação simultânea (NDS), Peptona de carne, Sacarose, Relação C/N, Structured-bed reactor, Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND), Anammox, Meat peptone, COD/N ratio, Sucrose