Estratégia de ensino em curso técnico a partir dos estilos de aprendizagem de Felder-Soloman
Data
2017-11-15
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Resumo
Descrição
A relação ensino-aprendizagem tem sido objeto de preocupação de pesquisadores e teóricos, tanto na busca de estratégias alternativas facilitadoras, quanto para o desvendar dos mecanismos e das práticas educativas que produzem o sucesso ou o chamado fracasso escolar. Os estilos de aprendizagem de estudantes são investigados enquanto variável envolvida na construção dos conhecimentos. Nesta órbita o objetivo principal deste estudo é propor uma abordagem de implementação de estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem, para ser usada nas aulas de um curso técnico de eletroeletrônica de forma a facilitar a aprendizagem de seus alunos. Esta estratégia levará em conta o estilo de aprendizagem dos alunos, de maneira que as aulas sejam preparadas após uma análise da forma como os alunos têm mais facilidade em aprender. Os estilos de aprendizagem escolhidos foram os obtidos nos questionários desenvolvidos por Felder e Soloman (ILS), questionário on-line, acessível na página eletrônica da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo (EESC/USP). Desta forma os professores receberão treinamento para lidar com os diversos estilos, terão em seus diários de classe o mapeamento da forma como seus alunos percebem, retém, processam e organizam as informações recebidas, ou seja, os estilos de aprendizagem de cada um e os alunos serão treinados para aprenderem a melhorar seu desempenho escolar, através de uma melhor utilização das suas maneiras particulares de aprender. Após o acompanhamento das aulas para realização do trabalho verificou-se que os docentes seguem as estratégias alinhadas com o procedimento da escola e não tendem a repetir seus estilos de aprendizagem em suas aulas; Pôde-se observar também que quando algum aluno demonstra dificuldade de entendimento doassunto o docente faz uma recolocação da mesma forma que a anterior, sem considerar o estilo de aprendizagem do aluno. No entanto, a situação de incompatibilidade entre estilos de alunos e forma de ensinar é amenizada pelo fato da escola analisada contar com dinâmicas de ensino que naveguem bem entre os estilos, uma vez que as aulas são estruturadas entre teóricas e práticas. Logo, a partir deste estudo reafirma-se a expectativa geral dos benefícios do conhecimento sobre estilos de aprendizagem para as práticas educacionais, principalmente no que tange à melhoria dos métodos de ensino e à qualificação das ações do professor.
The teaching learning process has been concerning researchers and specialists over searching for alternative strategies as well as over unraveling the mechanisms and teaching practices that result on the success or the so called scholar failure. The students learning styles are studied as a variable involved in the knowledge construction. Thus, the core of this research is to propose an approach of teaching and learning strategies implementation. This approach will be used in electrical-electronic technical course lessons in order to make the learning process simpler for the students. This strategy will consider the learning styles of the students so that the lessons will be prepared after analyzing how the students learn more easily. The learning styles chosen were those available in the questionnaires developed by Felder and Soloman (ILS), which are online on the website of Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo (EESC/USP). So, the teachers will be trained to deal with the different styles, they will also have the analysis of how their students understand, retain, process and organize the information received, ie the learning styles of each one of them, disposed in their classroom control. The students, on the other hand, will be trained to learn to improve their scholar results by using their own learning strategies in a more appropriate way. In order to conclude this study, it was necessary to watch some lessons, and after that, it was possible to notice that the teachers use teaching strategies according to the school procedures and they do not tend to repeat their own learning styles while teaching. It was also noticed that when a student has some difficulties in understanding the subject of the lesson, the teacher explains that in the same way he had done before, without considering the student learning style. The incompatibility between the students styles and the ways of teaching is reduced due to the fact that this specific school has teaching dynamics that flow among the different styles with no problem, as the lessons are divided into theoretical and practical. Therefore, with this study, the benefits of knowing the learning styles for the teaching practice are reassured, as initially expected, mainly when they are related to the development of teaching methods and the qualification of teacher actions.
The teaching learning process has been concerning researchers and specialists over searching for alternative strategies as well as over unraveling the mechanisms and teaching practices that result on the success or the so called scholar failure. The students learning styles are studied as a variable involved in the knowledge construction. Thus, the core of this research is to propose an approach of teaching and learning strategies implementation. This approach will be used in electrical-electronic technical course lessons in order to make the learning process simpler for the students. This strategy will consider the learning styles of the students so that the lessons will be prepared after analyzing how the students learn more easily. The learning styles chosen were those available in the questionnaires developed by Felder and Soloman (ILS), which are online on the website of Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo (EESC/USP). So, the teachers will be trained to deal with the different styles, they will also have the analysis of how their students understand, retain, process and organize the information received, ie the learning styles of each one of them, disposed in their classroom control. The students, on the other hand, will be trained to learn to improve their scholar results by using their own learning strategies in a more appropriate way. In order to conclude this study, it was necessary to watch some lessons, and after that, it was possible to notice that the teachers use teaching strategies according to the school procedures and they do not tend to repeat their own learning styles while teaching. It was also noticed that when a student has some difficulties in understanding the subject of the lesson, the teacher explains that in the same way he had done before, without considering the student learning style. The incompatibility between the students styles and the ways of teaching is reduced due to the fact that this specific school has teaching dynamics that flow among the different styles with no problem, as the lessons are divided into theoretical and practical. Therefore, with this study, the benefits of knowing the learning styles for the teaching practice are reassured, as initially expected, mainly when they are related to the development of teaching methods and the qualification of teacher actions.
Palavras-chave
Curso técnico, Eletroeletrônica, Estilos de aprendizagem, Electrical-electronic, Learning styles, Technical course