Análise fractal de redes de canais de bacias hidrográficas na escala 1:50.000
Data
2017-11-15
Autores
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Resumo
Descrição
Pesquisas têm sido realizadas visando a investigação das características fractais das redes de drenagem de bacias hidrográficas, com base na geomorfologia clássica proposta por HORTON (1945). A dimensão fractal foi introduzida na hidrologia por MANDELBROT (1977) e usada por vários autores, com intuito de analisar as características das redes de drenagem. O presente trabalho explora este conceito, utilizando três bacias hidrográficas do estado de São Paulo. Analisaram-se os mapas topográficos das bacias a fim de obter-se os parâmetros geomorfológicos necessários. Realizou-se a análise da dimensão fractal por métodos gráficos, como também a relação entre a dimensão fractal e as razões de Horton. Os resultados obtidos foram comparadas com aqueles encontrados na literatura e verificou-se que as bacias hidrográficas, usadas nesta pesquisa, podem ser vistas como objetos fractais com uma dimensão fractal característica.
There have been a number of investigations on the fractal characteristics of hydrographic basin drainage networks on the basis in the classical geomorfological proposed by HORTON (1945). The fractal dimension was introduced in hydrology by MANDELBROT (1977) and used by various authors in order to analyse drainage network characteristics. This study explores this concept in three hydrographic basins in the State of São Paulo. The topographic maps were employed to obtain the geomorphological parameters and fractal dimensions. Fractal analysis was performed by graphical methods and the relationship between fractal dimensions and Horton geomorphological laws was studied. The results obtained in this study are compared to those found in literature. It is verified that the basin employed in this research may be considered as fractal objects with a characteristic fractal dimension.
There have been a number of investigations on the fractal characteristics of hydrographic basin drainage networks on the basis in the classical geomorfological proposed by HORTON (1945). The fractal dimension was introduced in hydrology by MANDELBROT (1977) and used by various authors in order to analyse drainage network characteristics. This study explores this concept in three hydrographic basins in the State of São Paulo. The topographic maps were employed to obtain the geomorphological parameters and fractal dimensions. Fractal analysis was performed by graphical methods and the relationship between fractal dimensions and Horton geomorphological laws was studied. The results obtained in this study are compared to those found in literature. It is verified that the basin employed in this research may be considered as fractal objects with a characteristic fractal dimension.
Palavras-chave
Bacias hidrográficas, Dimensão fractal, Geomorfologia, Fractal dimension, Geomorphology, Hydrographic basin