Comparação entre os métodos Fuzzy TOPSIS e Fuzzy AHP no apoio à tomada de decisão para seleção de fornecedores
Data
2017-11-15
Autores
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Resumo
Descrição
A seleção de fornecedores tem impacto significante no custo e na qualidade de produtos manufaturados. Por isso, a seleção de fornecedores passou a ser vista como uma atividade bastante crítica para o desempenho da empresa compradora. Muitos estudos da literatura propõem o uso dos métodos multicritério fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) e fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) para apoiar a seleção de fornecedores. Contudo, não são encontrados estudos que avaliem o desempenho destes métodos quando usados neste domínio de problema. Diante desta lacuna, este estudo compara os métodos fuzzy TOPSIS (CHEN, 2000) e fuzzy AHP (CHANG, 1996) no apoio à seleção de fornecedores. Esta pesquisa utiliza uma abordagem quantitativa descritiva empírica, baseada em modelagem e simulação. Os métodos fuzzy TOPSIS e fuzzy AHP foram aplicados em um caso ilustrativo de seleção de fornecedores. O desempenho dos fornecedores e o peso dos critérios foram avaliados por um especialista de uma empresa. Modelos de simulação foram implementados usando MATLAB® e aplicados na seleção de fornecedores de uma empresa de uma cadeia de suprimentos automotiva. Cinco fornecedores foram avaliados em relação à qualidade, custo, entrega, perfil e relacionamento. O peso dos critérios e o desempenho dos fornecedores foi avaliado por meio da opinião de um especialista da empresa. Posteriormente, os métodos fuzzy TOPSIS e fuzzy AHP foram comparados em relação à capacidade de apoiar a decisão em grupo, qualificação de fornecedores, escolha final de fornecedores, situações de compra e modelagem de decisões sob incerteza. A eficiência dos métodos em relação à complexidade computacional e à interação requerida com o usuário também foi comparada. Os resultados mostraram que o fuzzy TOPSIS é mais flexível e mais adequado que o fuzzy AHP para modelar diferentes tipos de cenários de seleção de fornecedores. A realização desta discussão é sugerida por Ertugrul e Karakasoglu (2008), e é relevante para ajudar pesquisadores e gestores na escolha de abordagens efetivas para lidar com diferentes cenários de seleção de fornecedores.
Supplier selection has a significant influence on the cost, quality and delivery of products of the buying company. Therefore, supplier selection has become a very critical activity to the performance of the buying company. Several studies presented in the literature propose the use of fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to aid the decision process of supplier selection. However, there are no comparative studies of these two methods when applied to the problem of supplier selection. Thus, this paper presents a comparative analysis of the methods fuzzy TOPSIS (Chen, 2000) and fuzzy AHP (Chang, 1996) applied to the problem of supplier selection. A descriptive quantitative approach was adopted as the research method. Algorithms of the methods fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy AHP were developed in Matlab© and applied to the selection of suppliers of a company in the automotive production chain. Five suppliers were evaluated regarding quality of conformance, cost, delivery, profile and relationship. The weight of the criteria and the performance of the suppliers were evaluated by specialist opinion from the studied company. The methods Fuzzy TOPSIS e Fuzzy AHP were compared in terms of ability to support the group decision, supplier qualification, final choice of suppliers, buying situations and modeling decisions under uncertainty. The efficiency of the methods with respect to computational complexity and the required user interaction was also compared. The comparative analysis shows that Fuzzy TOPSIS presents better than Fuzzy AHP performance, especially in scenarios in wich many alternatives are evaluated. Thus, Fuzzy TOPSIS is more flexible and appropriate than Fuzzy AHP to deal with supplier selection problem. This paper presents a new study, comparing the methods Fuzzy TOPSIS and Fuzzy AHP. As commented by Ertugrul and Karakasoglu (2008), a study such as this can contribute to the advance of knowledge, helping researchers and practitioners choosing more effective approaches to supplier selection.
Supplier selection has a significant influence on the cost, quality and delivery of products of the buying company. Therefore, supplier selection has become a very critical activity to the performance of the buying company. Several studies presented in the literature propose the use of fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to aid the decision process of supplier selection. However, there are no comparative studies of these two methods when applied to the problem of supplier selection. Thus, this paper presents a comparative analysis of the methods fuzzy TOPSIS (Chen, 2000) and fuzzy AHP (Chang, 1996) applied to the problem of supplier selection. A descriptive quantitative approach was adopted as the research method. Algorithms of the methods fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy AHP were developed in Matlab© and applied to the selection of suppliers of a company in the automotive production chain. Five suppliers were evaluated regarding quality of conformance, cost, delivery, profile and relationship. The weight of the criteria and the performance of the suppliers were evaluated by specialist opinion from the studied company. The methods Fuzzy TOPSIS e Fuzzy AHP were compared in terms of ability to support the group decision, supplier qualification, final choice of suppliers, buying situations and modeling decisions under uncertainty. The efficiency of the methods with respect to computational complexity and the required user interaction was also compared. The comparative analysis shows that Fuzzy TOPSIS presents better than Fuzzy AHP performance, especially in scenarios in wich many alternatives are evaluated. Thus, Fuzzy TOPSIS is more flexible and appropriate than Fuzzy AHP to deal with supplier selection problem. This paper presents a new study, comparing the methods Fuzzy TOPSIS and Fuzzy AHP. As commented by Ertugrul and Karakasoglu (2008), a study such as this can contribute to the advance of knowledge, helping researchers and practitioners choosing more effective approaches to supplier selection.
Palavras-chave
Tomada de decisão multicritério, Fuzzy AHP, Teoria dos conjuntos Fuzzy, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Seleção de fornecedores, Supplier selection, Multicriteria decision making, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Fuzzy Set Theory, Fuzzy AHP